Comparison of the Impact of Two Interdental Cleaning Devices on the Reduction of Bleeding Around Implants.

Objective: Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of water flossing to traditional flossing in lowering the bleeding on probing (BOP) index around dental implants. Methods and Materials: This single-center, examiner-masked research enrolled patients with implants and randomly allocated them to one of two groups. The research analyzed the effectiveness of manual toothbrushes when used with either string floss or a water flosser. Results: After 30 days, the main result was a decrease in BOP occurrence. At the outset, neither group had noticeably higher rates of bleeding than the other. While only six of 20 implants in the floss group demonstrated a decrease in BOP after 30 days, 18 of 20 implants in the water flosser group did. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the use of water flossers was associated with much less bleeding than that of string floss. The researchers think that water flossing might be a useful addition to the maintenance of dental implants.

Implant abutment using hand drivers versus torque wrench.

The most frequent instrument used to begin tightening screws is a manually regulated screwdriver. Regarding manually regulated screwdrivers, predicted margins of error vary between fifteen percent to forty eight percent. Mechanical Torque restricting devices can consistently produce the requisite torques. As a result, devices like wrenches are needed to achieve the desirable values of torque. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the torque difference between handheld drivers and torque wrench and thereby its effect on the internal threads of implant surface.120 blocks was prepared from an autopolymerizing type of acrylic material each with a dimension of 1 inch. The centre of each block was affixed with analogue of dental impalnts with dimensions of 3.5 mm width and 13 mm length. With 60 specimens each, these models were split into two categories: hand torque specimens category and torque wrench specimens category. A stereomicroscope was used to look at the implant analog's internal threading architecture at a magnification of 100. At the bottom and top, four threads were spaced apart by a certain amount. Biowizard software was used for the assessment, and the results were recorded. Threads on the internal surface of dental implants were produced once more following torquing the implant's impression, and the stereomicroscope was used to quantify the separation between the 4 threads. Statistics were used to correlate the readings. All study participants' hand torque as well as torque wrench measurements were documented and statistical analysis was performed on them. When there was statistical analysis of the measurements then it was observed that mean values of torque in specimens included category of manual torque application was found out to be 33.6 ± 6.510 Ncm. On the other hand the mean values of torque in specimens included in category of torque application by torque wrench were found out to be 33.57 ± 3.472 Ncm. The outcome showed operator heterogeneity for both categories and operator variance when using a manual driver to generate torque. One independent - sample t test was used to contrast the mean data between the two categories, and P< 0.05 was chosen to determine whether the intergroup difference was meaningful. Because the torque values obtained with hand tightening were uneven, it may be concluded that different levels of hand torquing skill caused the torque to fluctuate. The torque wrench device displayed the desired torque data in the range that the manufacturer had advised. However, utilising manual drivers and a mechanical torque instrument did not cause any modifications to thread on the internal surface, and it rarely underwent significant deformation during the preliminary tightening torque readings. Thus, given that manually hand regulated drivers create a range of torques, it may be inferred that the employment of mechanical torque restricting instruments should be required.

Oral Streptococcus mutans load among Indian children with cerebral palsy.

The motor impairments of cerebral palsy (CP) are typically accompanied by subsequent musculoskeletal issues, seizures, and abnormalities of sensation, intelligence, communication, and behaviour. These kids have a lower capacity for regulating oral health because of their poor voluntary movements. Poor oral hygiene brought on by insufficient brushing and flossing, increased use of sugary foods, and orally administered drugs puts people at risk for periodontal disorders and dental caries. Poor dental health and rising therapy demands establish a sadistic cycle that affects patient overall health and wellbeing. The purpose of this investigation was comparing kids with CP against healthy kids of comparable age group and demographic situation in order to evaluate status of oral heath, current caries behavior using measurement of Streptococcus mutans concentrations in saliva, and treatment required. 204 study participants were divided into two categories: Category A and category B. Both categories consisted of 102 study participants. Category A consisted of study participants having CP while category B consisted of healthy normal controls with same age of same demographic features. Malocclusion, trauma, DMFS/defs, gingival index, and Oral hygiene score (OHI), and were recorded for oral examinations of al study participants However, no radiological assistance was utilized since minimal patient compliance existed in CP patients. When compared with the control category, the CP category had a higher detection of the DMFS index in the permanent teeth. The estimated defs for the CP category did not differ noticeably from the control category. In the CP category, status of hygiene of oral cavity was discovered to be substantially subpar. In comparison to the control category, the gingival condition of the CP category was noticeably worse. Treatment requirements were seen to require greater preventative care in the control category while, stainless steel crowns, pulpectomy and extractions were needed in the CP category. S. mutans was found in high concentrations in the salivary specimens of the CP category compared to the control category, indicating active dental caries and greater probability of further development.

Outcome of Implant Diameter and Length on the Distribution of Stress with Immediate Loaded Implants: A 3D Finite Element Analysis.

Objectives: To assess the outcome of implant diameter and length on THE distribution of stress using a three-dimensional (3D) finite elements (FE) analysis, with immediate loading implants. Materials and Methods: This study made use of a 3D FE model of an implant encased in a chunk of bone. The LEADER/ITALIA-Fix type implant was created specifically for immediate loading. To create a solid model of the implant and bone and to carry out the FE analysis, the ANSYS V.12 programme was used. Results: The findings indicated that the neck of dental implants is the area of highest stress for all implant diameters and lengths, with an increase in implant length from 10 mm to 12 mm resulting in a slight raise in stress at the interface of implant-bone, and an increase in diameter from 3.75 mm to 4.25 mm having no appreciable impact on the value of stresses around dental implants. Conclusion: It was concluded that an increase in length has a negative effect on stress, while a diameter increase has no discernible impact on stress values.

Clinical Assessment of Bone Quality at Implant Site using CBCT and Hounsfield Unit.

Objectives: The current research was done to assess the bone quality at implant site using CBCT. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 partially edentulous patients of both genders. All subjects had their chests scanned using a Kodac machine set to 120 kVp, 12 mA, and a 17-second exposure time. Using Hounsfield units, bone quality was classified as D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 (HU). Result: Out of 50 patients, 27 were males and 23 were females. The average HU was 786.1 at the anterior maxilla, 1174.3 at the anterior mandible, 332.1 at the posterior maxilla, and 742.4 at the posterior mandible. The variation was considerable (P-0.01). Conclusion: The anterior mandible, anterior maxilla, posterior mandible, and posterior maxilla were found to have the highest densities. Based on Hounsfield units, CBCT is helpful in determining the bone density at the implant site.

To Analyze the Mesiobuccal Root Canal of Maxillary First Molar using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: An Ex-vivo Study.

Aim and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to use cone bar CT to investigate the root trench morphology of two-hundred mesiobuccal permanent first molars in the maxilla. Materials and Methods: The distobuccal and palatal roots were removed at the furcation in 250 maxillary first molars. The mesiobuccal roots were then imaged using cone beam computed tomography on all specimens. The specimens were analyzed and compared to one another." This study looked into the following factors. How Many Canals There Are and What Shape Those Canals Take Errors such as lateral canals, apical delta, calcified segments, and others. Result: Vertucci's trench configuration, kinds I, II, III, IV, V, and VII, were seen in 30%, 20%, 5%, 6%, 7%, and 2.5% of the teeth, respectively. Calcified sections were found in the coronal third of the MB1 trench for eight of the samples, and in the central third for two of the samples. The MB1 trench did not have any calcifications at its very end. The coronal 33 percent of the MB2 trench was calcified in eight samples, but no calcifications were seen in the middle or upper thirds. Conclusion: Noninvasively and with little radiation, a cone beam CT scan can help you learn about your root canal setup.

Determination of Labiopalatal Angulation of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Using Manual Method and Digital Methods: A Comparative Study.

AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate labiopalatal angulation of maxillary anterior teeth using Custom-made jig, Profile projector, and ImageJ computer software methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects for this study were selected in the age-group of 20-30 years having permanent dentition, including 2nd molars and bilateral Angle's class 1 molar and canine relationship. Recording the labiopalatal angulation in proximal view was carried out by using one manual method and two digital methods namely using Custom-made jig, Profile projector, and ImageJ computer software, respectively. Alginate impressions were made for the subjects, and the spatial relationship of the maxilla to the cranium was recorded using a facebow. The casts were mounted in a semi-adjustable articulator, and the articulated mounted casts with the mounting ring were transferred to the Custom-made jig, and angulations were measured in proximal view. Digital methods of measurement were recorded by using Profile projector and ImageJ computer software methods. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: In males, the mean labiopalatal angulation of maxillary right and left maxillary canines of Custom-made jig was 91.94 ± 1.47 and 91.70 ± 1.68, in Profile projector method 87.41 ± 3.75 and 87.58 ± 3.79, and in ImageJ computer software 84.23 ± 5.72 and 83.29 ± 6.74, respectively. In females, Custom-made jig was 91.82 ± 1.55 and 92.17 ± 1.84, in Profile projector method 86.70 ± 5.58 and 86.94 ± 5.57, and in ImageJ computer software 82.76 ± 6.34 and 83.05 ± 6.12, respectively. There was a very high statistically significant difference found between different methods. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the values obtained in the digital methods (i.e., both the Profile projector and ImageJ computer software) were more accurate than the manual method. However, the ImageJ computer software was most reliable in comparison with the values obtained in Profile projector. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The labiopalatal angulation of anterior teeth will act as a guideline in re-establishing the correct angulations and the anatomic contours of the maxillary arch to achieve the desired esthetics that provide adequate lip support and to restore the required functions.

In Vitro Assessment of Dimensional Accuracy of Three Different Types of Interocclusal Recording Materials.

AIM: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of three various interocclusal recording materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 90 disc-shaped samples were prepared using polyether paste, wax, and polyvinyl siloxane material with the support of stainless steel die. For the purposes of this investigation, three frequently utilized interocclusal recording materials were chosen, and 30 samples from each material were prepared. Group I: Bite registration using polyether paste; Group II: Bite registration using wax; Group III: Bite registration using polyvinyl siloxane material. No samples were exposed to direct sunlight during storage and were kept at room temperature. Using a 10x universal measuring microscope, each sample disc was examined for the presence of horizontal and vertical lines inscripted in the die. For each of the samples, readings were taken at different time periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours. RESULTS: After 24 hours, the less dimensional changes were found in polyether paste group (0.11 ± 0.07) followed by polyvinyl siloxane material group (0.19 ± 0.04) and wax group (0.25 ± 0.12). After 48 hours, the less dimensional changes were found in polyether paste group (0.34 ± 0.02) followed by polyvinyl siloxane material group (0.42 ± 0.01) and wax group (0.94 ± 0.12). After 72 hours, the least dimensional changes were found in polyether paste group (0.46 ± 0.14) followed by polyvinyl siloxane material group (0.92 ± 0.03) and wax group (1.14 ± 0.09). CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that both the material and time factors had an impact on dimensional stability. The most dimensionally stable group was the polyether paste group, which was followed by the polyvinyl siloxane and wax material groups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Interocclusal recording material records the occlusal connection between real or artificial teeth for occlusal rehabilitation planning and for creating removable and fixed dentures. The creation of a clinically acceptable prosthesis is dependent upon the accuracy of the patient's diagnostic or working casts and the interocclusal record. How to cite this article: Sonkesriya S, Subramanian D, Saha P, et al. In Vitro Assessment of Dimensional Accuracy of Three Different Types of Interocclusal Recording Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(12):936-939.

Evaluation and Comparison of Five-Year Survival of Tooth-Supported Porcelain Fused to Metal and All-Ceramic Multiple Unit Fixed Prostheses: A Systematic Review.

The prosthesis must have good survival despite being functional for at least 5-10 years. This makes sure that the replacement of missing teeth does not become a repeated expense. Of 579 identified articles, 15 met the inclusion criteria for systematic review. Missing teeth replacement materials are divided into two groups: porcelain fused to metal and all ceramics. Data related to survival rates as well as the most common mode of failure is observed from both groups. It was observed that porcelain fused to metal prostheses had an approximately 99.5% survival rate and an approximately 92% survival rate for all-ceramic tooth-supported prostheses after five years of insertion. Porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) prostheses had a better survival rate after five years of insertion as compared to all-ceramic prostheses. Porcelain fused to metal should be the treatment of choice for dentists and patients when missing teeth need to be fixed.

Comparative Analysis of Biofilm Formation on Materials Used for the Fabrication of Implant Supported Prostheses.

Background: Zirconia and other dental pottery, heat-restored polymethyl methacrylate, titanium and other metal amalgams, or a mix of these materials are utilized to fix inserts. It is important to choose a material that is resistant to bacterial colonization for implant-supported prostheses, but durability and aesthetics are important factors as well. Aim: Biofilm generation on materials used in implant-supported dental prosthesis manufacturing was an objective of this investigation. Methods and Materials: In this study, 90 discs were prepared. These discs were divided into three groups: group PMMA, group Y-TZP, and group CP-Ti. Each group consisted of 30 discs. As helpful materials, 30 discs (D = 15 mm, H = 3 mm) each were created from either monetarily unadulterated titanium (CP-Ti), yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (YTZP), or hotness-restored polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The examples were cleaned as per acknowledged practices. The non-contact profilometer (NPFLEX, Bruker, UK) was utilized to survey the surface rougness of each disc, and the outcomes were accounted for as Ra (m). An assortment of gram-negative microbes, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Tannerella albicans, were refined close by cleaned discs produced using heat-relieved PMMA, Y-TZP, or CP-Ti to see which type of biofilm is shaped best. CFU/mL was the unit of estimation (state framing units per milliliter). Results: Y-TZP discs have a substantially higher Ra (349 41 m) than PMMA and CP-Ti discs. Some bacteria that have been associated with peri-mucositis and peri-implantitis may be less prevalent on Y-TZP or CP-Ti discs. Biofilm development must be considered while making implant-supported prostheses using Y-TZP and CP-Ti. Conclusion: Y-TZP and CP-Ti are preferred materials for implant-supported prosthesis production because of biofilm development.

Evaluation of Surface Topography of Heat Cure Acrylic Denture-base Resin before and after Reinforcement with Different Fibers Using Stylus-based Profilometer.

AIM: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of glass and nylon fiber reinforcement on surface topography of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture resin after polishing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stainless steel dies were used for preparation of specimens and were divided into three groups of 30 specimens each. Group A: Control group, Group B: PMMA reinforced with glass fibers, Group C: PMMA reinforced with nylon fibers. All specimens were finished and polished by a single operator to eliminate any inadvertent bias and ensure a constant pressure when polishing. The surface roughness of all the acrylic samples was measured with the help of profilometer (SURFCOM 130A). RESULTS: Glass-reinforced PMMA showed higher mean surface roughness (0.16817 µm) as compared to unreinforced PMMA (0.10203 µm). Nylon-reinforced PMMA showed lower mean surface roughness (Ra) of 0.09177 µm as compared to unreinforced PMMM (0.10203 µm). Glass-reinforced PMMA showed a higher mean surface roughness (Ra) of 0.16817 µm as compared to nylon PMMA (0.09177 µm). CONCLUSION: Reinforcement with glass and nylon fibers affects the surface roughness of the PMMA resin, i.e., glass fibers increase the surface roughness of PMMA resin, whereas nylon fibers slightly decrease the surface roughness of PMMA resin. Hence, the use of nylon fiber may be justified to obtain a denture with increased fracture resistance, acceptable esthetic properties, and better denture hygiene and plaque accumulation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Two important parameters are essential for ensuring the durability of a restorative material, which include surface roughness and color stability. Surface roughness may be the major cause of discomfort for the patient and it may be associated with complications by promoting the deposition of biofilm and microbial growth. The use of nylon fiber increases fracture resistance and provides acceptable esthetic properties and better denture hygiene and plaque accumulation.

An in vitro comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of custom made, metal, glass fiber reinforced and carbon reinforced posts in endodontically treated teeth.

BACKGROUND: Posts are used to enhance crown buildup in pulpless teeth with destructed crown portion. Different types of post are used in endodontically treated teeth. The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate fracture resistance of custom made, metal, glass fiber reinforced and carbon reinforced posts in endodontically treated teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in vitro study was carried out on extracted 40 human maxillary central incisor teeth, which was divided into four groups with 10 samples in each group with custom made, metal post, glass fiber reinforced, and carbon reinforced posts. The samples were decoronated at cemento-enamel junction and endodontically treated. Post space was prepared and selected posts were cemented. The composite cores were prepared at the height of 5 mm and samples mounted on acrylic blocks. Later fracture resistance to the compressive force of samples was measured using Universal Testing Machine. RESULTS: The maximum resistance to the compressive force was observed in carbon reinforced and glass fiber reinforced posts compared others which is statistically significant (P > 0.001) and least was seen in custom fabricated post. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that carbon reinforced fiber post and glass fiber posts showed good fracture resistance compared to custom made and metal posts.